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How and Why to Do a Testicular Self-Exam

How and Why to Do a Testicular Self-Exam (TSE)

Regular self-exams are one of the best things you can do for your health. Testicular self-exams (TSEs) are simple, quick, and can help teens catch changes early—whether it's swelling, a lump, or something that just doesn’t feel right.

Doing a TSE once a month—starting in the teen years—can help spot serious conditions like testicular torsion or testicular cancer, which is rare but most common in young men ages 15–35.

When Should You Do a TSE?

  • Once a month, on the same day each month to make it a habit
  • After a warm shower or bath, when the scrotal skin is relaxed and it’s easier to feel what's normal

Step-by-Step: How to Do a Self-Exam

  1. Stand in front of a mirror
    Look for any visible swelling, changes in size, or irregular shape in the scrotum.
  2. Use both hands to examine each testicle one at a time
    Place your index and middle fingers underneath the testicle, with your thumbs on top. Gently roll the testicle between your fingers—you’re feeling for lumps, firmness, or anything that seems different.
  3. Don’t panic if things aren’t exactly symmetrical
    It’s normal for one testicle to hang lower than the other, and for one to be slightly larger.
  4. Feel for the epididymis
    The epididymis is shaped like a “C” at the back of each testicle—it might feel like a bump or cord, and it’s supposed to be there.
  5. Be alert for any of the following:
    • A hard lump (pea-sized or larger)
    • Swelling or enlargement
    • A feeling of heaviness or dull ache
    • Pain when touching or during movement
    • Sudden changes from last month’s exam

If you notice any of these changes, don’t wait—tell a parent, caregiver, or trusted adult, and see a doctor. It might be nothing serious, but it’s always worth getting checked out.

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DisclaimerThis information is not intended to substitute or replace the professional medical advice you receive from your child's physician. The content provided on this page is for informational purposes only, and was not designed to diagnose or treat a health problem or disease. Please consult your child's physician with any questions or concerns you may have regarding a medical condition.

Reviewed on: 5/2025